Two weeks after Liquid: the money has not moved, and the channel has new owners
PublicAML · On-chain investigation · 20 September 2026
The 598.5 BTC left over from the Liquid Network peg-out is untouched. The sidechain restarted eleven days ago. And the OP_RETURN thread the industry was reading has been taken over — by a token launch, two coin-doubling scams and a queue of laundering services pitching the holder in public.
On 6 September the Liquid Network federation signed away 3,996 BTC in a single peg-out. The wallet that received it wrote “we are whitehats. contact us on chain” into a Bitcoin block. Over the next day the two sides negotiated in OP_RETURN, Blockstream’s messages PGP clear-signed with its published key, and 3,400 BTC went back. The holder kept 598.5 BTC and demanded a bounty.
That reconstruction belongs to Bitquery Research, whose live investigation ran through 9 September, and to the on-chain analyst ErgoBTC, who saw the transaction in the mempool first. We are not repeating it. We went back to the chain on 20 September to answer what nobody has since: has the money moved, has the network recovered, and what has been happening on those two addresses during eleven days of silence.
598.50439510
BTC held by the wallet, unspent since 9 Sep 11:45 UTC
3,601.47207156
BTC in the federation’s current peg wallet
79h 13m
Liquid produced no blocks; running again since 9 Sep
1.6%
of traffic on the wallet carries the negotiation
The coin has not moved
The wallet last spent anything on 9 September at 11:45 UTC. Eleven days later nothing has gone to a mixer, to an exchange, or back to the federation. It keeps receiving — dust and advertising arrive daily, most recently today — but the 598.5 BTC sits exactly where it was left.
- bc1ql4mfu6au…6gyqjltethe wallet holding the fundsAML 95
- bc1qdlld6ant…xsuhwxxrfederation peg wallet, left unscorednot scored · infrastructure
What we are not claiming. Several reports quote a figure for how much bitcoin now backs each L-BTC. We could not reconcile circulating L-BTC supply from the public explorer to a number we would defend — the exploit minted L-BTC that never had a peg-in, which breaks the obvious arithmetic — so we publish the reserve we verified and leave the ratio to whoever can show their working.
The sidechain stopped for 79 hours, and is running again
Liquid signs a block every 60 seconds. It did so without interruption up to block 4,050,335, and then stopped.
A contemporaneous report placed the last block at 04:49 on 7 September; the chain places it eighteen hours earlier. Either way the conclusion is the same, and it is the part still missing from coverage: Liquid has been producing blocks normally since 9 September, and every account still describing it as halted is eleven days out of date.
What is actually on that address now
1,450 confirmed transactions touch the holder’s wallet; 1,439 carry an OP_RETURN. We decoded and classified every one.
- PGP blocks — the negotiation and its imitations · 23
- ICO-20 token mint farm · 1,118
- Memecoin advertising · 82
- Tip-soliciting campaign · 58
- Requests for money · 40
- Anonymous accusations · 42
- Coin-doubling scams · 16
- Laundering services soliciting · 14
- Unclassified · 46
- No message · 11
| What the message is | Txs | Share | Fees, BTC |
|---|---|---|---|
| ICO-20 token mint farm | 1,118 | 77.1% | 0.013458 |
| Memecoin advertising | 82 | 5.7% | 0.000301 |
| Tip-soliciting campaign | 58 | 4.0% | 0.000149 |
| Unclassified | 46 | 3.2% | 0.000667 |
| Anonymous accusations | 42 | 2.9% | 0.000406 |
| Requests for money | 40 | 2.8% | 0.000224 |
| PGP blocks — the negotiation and its imitations | 23 | 1.6% | 0.000738 |
| Coin-doubling scams | 16 | 1.1% | 0.000034 |
| Laundering services soliciting | 14 | 1.0% | 0.000081 |
| No message | 11 | 0.8% | 0.000056 |
| Total | 1,450 | 100% | 0.016114 |
The exchange the whole industry was reading is 1.6 percent of the traffic on the address it happened on — and 23 is generous to the negotiation, because it counts anything formatted as a PGP block. We cannot verify the signatures without Blockstream’s key, and at least one memecoin advertisement was wrapped in -----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE----- so it would read, at a glance, as one of them. Writing the other 1,427 transactions cost 0.015376 BTC in fees.
The 12–13 September wall was a token launch
1,116 transactions landed in two days, after both sides had stopped talking. They had nothing to do with the incident:
12 Sep 03:05 UTC {"p":"ico-20","op":"deploy","tick":"LEAF",
"max":"1000000000","lim":"21347","btc":"7000","ordi":"1"}18 Sep 06:12 UTC {"p":"ico-20","op":"deploy","tick":"MEME",
"max":"1000000000","lim":"21347","btc":"7000","ordi":"1"}followed by 1,114 identical mints. The most-watched wallet of the month was used as a launchpad beacon, twice, by an operator who did not change a single parameter between runs.
Laundering services pitching in public
Fourteen messages advertise ways to wash the money, addressed to a person holding roughly $48 million and to an audience reading over his shoulder. They include a referral code.
7 Sep 02:04
exch.lat/?ref=a3e0e The biggest one to launder money
7 Sep 11:49
Swap your funds to XMR on Wagyu.xyz, guaranteed no freezes It’s the only place you can swap such size, people have done $700m+ Give my address a tip for the advice
11 Sep 17:07
Dude, just swap BTC to ETH via Thorchain/Chainflip/NearIntents slowly over a day or two. Then put that ETH into Tornado 100ETH pool, secure your tornado notes…
One competitor used the same channel to call the others frauds: “Wagyu, TORSwap and exch.lat are all liars & scams. AVOID!” A directory of “trusted mixers” also advertised. This is a market operating in the clear, in a permanent public record, and none of it is hidden behind anything.
Two impersonation attempts, one for 3,900 BTC
On 7 September at 09:41 UTC an unsigned message reached the wallet:
- bc1prx6zgutc…ts9pqswnimpersonated Blockstream, asked for 3,900 BTCAML 70
- bc1qn8mgsmxx…9q2mfqymthe address Blockstream wrote from, left unscorednot scored · infrastructure
7 Sep 09:41
Thank you for finding the bug, we are working on a fix immediately, please send 3900 Bitcoin back to this address, you may keep the 98 BTC as Bounty reward.
It came from the address above. At 14:05 the same wallet tried again, naming a “clean route” address. Every genuine Blockstream message in the exchange is PGP clear-signed and names the federation peg wallet as the destination; these carry no signature and substitute the sender’s own address.
The comparison is checkable. Blockstream wrote from bc1qn8mgsmxx42j3fflqfkh0cqhdd6mj4h9q2mfqym, opening with “Please contact [email protected]”, and clear-signed both of its substantive messages — “Yes, thank you.” and “Bridge nodes are patched, safe to return the funds.” — with one key, fingerprint 1176 542D A98E 71E1 3372 2EF7 4AC8 CC88 6844 A2D6. A message in this thread that is unsigned, or signed by another key, or that names a return address other than the peg wallet, is not from Blockstream.
Two coin-doubling campaigns, aimed at the audience
On 9 September fourteen addresses broadcast “Double your Bitcoins | 2x whitehats.live” and “whitehats.live/ I’m going to donate all the bitcoins, visit” — to the holder’s wallet and to the federation’s peg wallet. Writing to the peg wallet is the tell: it is aimed at the people watching the incident, not at the parties to it. Two days earlier a second campaign pushed elonmuskevent.live with a collecting address of its own.
We checked all fifteen collecting addresses. Not one has received a single satoshi from a member of the public. The campaigns cost their operators 0.000034 BTC in fees and returned nothing. That is worth saying plainly rather than implying victims who do not exist.
All sixteen addresses are now labelled in the PublicAML risk graph — payout-scam for the doubling campaigns, fake-support for the impersonation — so they carry a flag before anyone does pay them.
- bc1qhxfdn8ar…h5g46yr6elonmuskevent.live collectorAML 75
- bc1q8k7nnrpk…fy3nayspwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1q96zuxtry…jct9tnu7whitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qa69rxf23…lddd8r3swhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qdnqvw53n…ssfxkpx9whitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qecmka5aj…hav39ldrwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qgkkw7x9j…al9m7n68whitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qgzanldct…5qjd9x44whitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qmj4k8r93…m0wc76jrwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qmvda4zp5…jcpmgfa0whitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qpj9vf6qy…et9llkmtwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qr5mdcapr…ufl0qc4zwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qtlcztte7…jzhqlwj0whitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qva8jjyls…g2pl85mvwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
- bc1qxng53hxx…apnaecsqwhitehats.live campaignAML 75
Memecoins with advertising and no market
Three tokens were pushed into the wallet: $WHITEHATS on BNB Chain at 0x3e77a4BD954faDA9b88936b5AaA6c0519433704B, and two separate pump.fun mints. We queried DexScreener for the BNB contract and for one of the pump.fun mints; neither returns a single indexed trading pair. We are not calling them rug pulls — no liquidity is not the same as money taken from someone. We are noting that the advertising is real and the market is not.
Two messages worth reading in full
Underneath the noise are the people the halt actually cost. On 9 September at 17:49 UTC, and again twenty-five minutes later in fewer words — “Send my BTC back! 2.4 BTC right here! … This is my life savings!” He was writing to the wrong party; the holder cannot return anyone’s L-BTC. That is the point: he had nowhere else to write.
9 Sep 17:49
I’ve a 2.4 BTC in liquid network before, and I’ve contacted them before many time to return my funds, but until now… nothing happens, I’m trying to withdraw my money, and it shows that there a balance (simulator) but, it always return an error. it is not my fault, the bitcoin, must back to my addres…
12 Sep 16:02
Hey, I have about 2.5 L-BTC. Is there any way I can trade you this real L-BTC for native BTC from this stash? Willing to trade you 1:1. PGP preferred, please send your pubkey if interested.
The second is someone trying to trade their way out: a holder of real L-BTC offering a one-for-one swap to the person who caused the stoppage, because that was the only counterparty still visibly holding bitcoin. That is the cost of a halted sidechain, written by somebody paying it.
What this case is actually about
The exploit has been explained well by others. What has not been said is what an open negotiation channel becomes once the world is watching it. Within six days of the messages that mattered, the same address was carrying a token launch, three memecoins, two doubling scams, a queue of laundering services with referral codes, an impersonation attempt for 3,900 BTC and an anonymous defamation campaign — while the funds themselves sat untouched and the people who had actually lost access to their money shouted into the same field.
Every address named here is on-chain and checkable. Every figure was read from the Bitcoin and Liquid chains on 20 September 2026 and reconciled against address balances.
Sources: Bitcoin chain via mempool.space; Liquid chain via Blockstream’s Liquid explorer; token market data via DexScreener. The 6–9 September reconstruction is Bitquery Research’s; the mempool sighting is ErgoBTC’s. Figures are gross and pre-recovery. This is an information resource, not financial or security advice.